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        <ol class="chapter"><li><a href="../index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> 超过 88 道练习，任点</a></li><li><a href="../low.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> 易</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li><a href="../hello-world/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> hello world</a></li><li><a href="../gigasecond/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> 千兆秒 &gt;&lt; Gigasecond)</a></li><li><a href="../leap/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> 闰年 &gt;&lt; Leap</a></li><li><a href="../raindrops/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> 雨滴声 &gt;&lt; Raindrops</a></li><li><a href="../reverse-string/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.</strong> 反转字符串 &gt;&lt; Reverse String</a></li><li><a href="../nth-prime/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.6.</strong> 第 n 个素数 &gt;&lt; Nth Prime</a></li><li><a href="../bob/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.7.</strong> 迟钝孩子 &gt;&lt; Bob</a></li><li><a href="../beer-song/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.8.</strong> 啤酒之歌 &gt;&lt; Beer Song</a></li><li><a href="../proverb/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.9.</strong> 谚语串烧 &gt;&lt; Proverb</a></li><li><a href="../difference-of-squares/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.10.</strong> 平方差 &gt;&lt; Difference Of Squares</a></li><li><a href="../sum-of-multiples/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.11.</strong> 倍数之和 &gt;&lt; Sum Of Multiples</a></li><li><a href="../grains/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.12.</strong> 谷物 &gt;&lt; Grains</a></li><li><a href="../pythagorean-triplet/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.13.</strong> 勾股数 &gt;&lt; Pythagorean Triplet</a></li><li><a href="../prime-factors/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.14.</strong> 素数因子 &gt;&lt; Prime Factors</a></li><li><a href="../series/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.15.</strong> 子串 &gt;&lt; Series</a></li><li><a href="../armstrong-numbers/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.16.</strong> 水仙花数 &gt;&lt; Armstrong Numbers</a></li><li><a href="../collatz-conjecture/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.17.</strong> 3n+1 猜想 &gt;&lt; Collatz Conjecture</a></li><li><a href="../diffie-hellman/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.18.</strong> 迪菲-赫尔曼密钥交换 &gt;&lt; Diffie Hellman</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="../medium.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> 中等</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li><a href="../saddle-points/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> 鞍点 &gt;&lt; Saddle Points</a></li><li><a href="../isogram/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> 等值线 &gt;&lt; Isogram</a></li><li><a href="../say/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> 英文说数字 &gt;&lt; Say</a></li><li><a href="../run-length-encoding/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> 游程编码 &gt;&lt; Run Length Encoding</a></li><li><a href="../isbn-verifier/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> 图书编号 &gt;&lt; ISBN Verifier</a></li><li><a href="../perfect-numbers/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> 数字也能分类 &gt;&lt; Perfect Numbers</a></li><li><a href="../clock/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.7.</strong> 时钟 &gt;&lt; Clock</a></li><li><a href="../dot-dsl/README.zh.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.8.</strong> DOT DSL</a></li><li><a href="../hamming/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.9.</strong> 汉明距离 &gt;&lt; Hamming</a></li><li><a href="../simple-linked-list/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.10.</strong> 简单链表 &gt;&lt; Simple Linked List</a></li><li><a href="../pascals-triangle/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.11.</strong> 杨辉三角形 &gt;&lt; Pascal's Triangle</a></li><li><a href="../scrabble-score/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.12.</strong> 字母的分数游戏 &gt;&lt; Scrabble Score</a></li><li><a href="../pangram/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.13.</strong> 全字母句 &gt;&lt; Pangram</a></li><li><a href="../paasio/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.14.</strong> PaaS-IO-报告 &gt;&lt; Paasio</a></li><li><a href="../nucleotide-count/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.15.</strong> 核苷酸计数 &gt;&lt; Nucleotide Count</a></li><li><a href="../luhn/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.16.</strong> 模 10 算法 &gt;&lt; Luhn</a></li><li><a href="../largest-series-product/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.17.</strong> 最大数字子串乘积 &gt;&lt; Largest Series Product</a></li><li><a href="../word-count/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.18.</strong> 单词计数 &gt;&lt; Word Count</a></li><li><a href="../atbash-cipher/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.19.</strong> Atbash 加密 &gt;&lt; Atbash Cipher</a></li><li><a href="../crypto-square/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.20.</strong> 密码矩形 &gt;&lt; Crypto Square</a></li><li><a href="../rotational-cipher/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.21.</strong> 旋转密码 &gt;&lt; Rotational Cipher</a></li><li><a href="../simple-cipher/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.22.</strong> 简单加密 &gt;&lt; Simple Cipher</a></li><li><a href="../rail-fence-cipher/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.23.</strong> 栅栏密码 &gt;&lt; Rail Fence Cipher</a></li><li><a href="../etl/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.24.</strong> ETL</a></li><li><a href="../accumulate/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.25.</strong> 集合操作 &gt;&lt; Accumulate</a></li><li><a href="../acronym/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.26.</strong> 术语 &gt;&lt; Acronym</a></li><li><a href="../sieve/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.27.</strong> 素数筛 &gt;&lt; Sieve</a></li><li><a href="../rna-transcription/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.28.</strong> RNA 转录 &gt;&lt; RNA Transcription</a></li><li><a href="../triangle/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.29.</strong> 三角形</a></li><li><a href="../roman-numerals/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.30.</strong> 罗马数字 &gt;&lt; Roman Numerals</a></li><li><a href="../all-your-base/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.31.</strong> 你所的基本</a></li><li><a href="../grade-school/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.32.</strong> 学册</a></li><li><a href="../binary-search/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.33.</strong> 二分查找</a></li><li><a href="../robot-simulator/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.34.</strong> 机器人模拟器</a></li><li><a href="../bracket-push/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.35.</strong> 括号配套</a></li><li><a href="../luhn-from/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.36.</strong> Luhn From</a></li><li><a href="../queen-attack/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.37.</strong> 皇后 攻击</a></li><li><a href="../bowling/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.38.</strong> 保龄球</a></li><li><a href="../sublist/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.39.</strong> 子列表</a></li><li><a href="../space-age/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.40.</strong> 地球年</a></li><li><a href="../luhn-trait/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.41.</strong> Luhn Trait</a></li><li><a href="../macros/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.42.</strong> 宏</a></li><li><a href="../allergies/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.43.</strong> 过敏</a></li><li><a href="../variable-length-quantity/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.44.</strong> 可变长度数量</a></li><li><a href="../phone-number/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.45.</strong> 电话号码</a></li><li><a href="../wordy/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.46.</strong> 罗唆</a></li><li><a href="../tournament/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.47.</strong> 比赛</a></li><li><a href="../custom-set/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.48.</strong> 自定义 set</a></li><li><a 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href="../anagram/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.59.</strong> 字谜</a></li><li><a href="../protein-translation/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.60.</strong> 蛋白质翻译</a></li><li><a href="../robot-name/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.61.</strong> 机器人名称</a></li><li><a href="../book-store/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.62.</strong> 书店</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="../high.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> 难</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li><a href="../ocr-numbers/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> OCR 号码</a></li><li><a href="../minesweeper/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> 扫雷</a></li><li><a href="../dominoes/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> 骨牌</a></li><li><a href="../parallel-letter-frequency/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.4.</strong> 并行字母频率</a></li><li><a href="../rectangles/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.5.</strong> 矩形</a></li><li><a href="../forth/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.6.</strong> Forth</a></li><li><a href="../circular-buffer/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.7.</strong> 循环缓冲区</a></li><li><a href="../react/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.8.</strong> React</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="../untag.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> 未标签</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li><a href="../hexadecimal/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> 十六进制</a></li><li><a href="../nucleotide-codons/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> 核苷酸密码子</a></li><li><a href="../two-fer/README.zh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.</strong> two-fer</a></li><li class="spacer"></li></ol></li><li><a href="../add-test-code.html">修改 mdBook 主题</a></li></ol>
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            <div id="content" class="content">
                <main>
                    <a class="header" href="#dot-dsl" id="dot-dsl"><h1>DOT DSL</h1></a>
<a class="header" href="#1-readme" id="1-readme"><h2>1. Readme</h2></a>
<a class="header" href="#dot-dsl-1" id="dot-dsl-1"><h1>DOT DSL</h1></a>
<p>编写类似于 Graphviz 点语言的特定领域语言.</p>
<p>一个<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain-specific_language">Domain Specific Language
(DSL)</a>是针对特定域优化的小语言.</p>
<p>比如说<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOT_(graph_description_language)">DOT 语言</a>允许您编写图形的文本描述，然后通过<a href="http://graphviz.org/">Graphviz</a>中其中一个图形工具(如<code>dot</code>)转换为图像，一个简单的图形如下所示:</p>
<pre><code>    graph {
        graph [bgcolor=&quot;yellow&quot;]
        a [color=&quot;red&quot;]
        b [color=&quot;blue&quot;]
        a -- b [color=&quot;green&quot;]
    }
</code></pre>
<p>把它放在一个<code>example.dot</code>文件中，并运行<code>dot example.dot -T png -o example.png</code>，就会创建一个图像<code>example.png</code>，其中黄色背景上的绿线连接的红色和蓝色圆圈。</p>
<p>创建类似于点语言的 DSL.</p>
<a class="header" href="#生成器模式builder-pattern" id="生成器模式builder-pattern"><h2>生成器模式(Builder pattern)</h2></a>
<p>本练习希望您通过使用<code>builder pattern</code>模式，构建多个结构。简而言之,此模式允许您将包含大量参数的结构的构造函数，拆分为多个单独的函数。这种方法为您提供了实现紧凑，但高度灵活的结构构造和配置的方法。你可以在<a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.0.0/style/ownership/builders.html">该页面</a>上面阅读更多相关信息。</p>
<a class="header" href="#2-开始你的表演" id="2-开始你的表演"><h2>2. 开始你的表演</h2></a>
<pre><pre class="playpen"><code class="language-rust editable">pub mod graph {
   pub struct Graph;

   impl Graph {
       pub fn new() -&gt; Self {
           unimplemented!(&quot;Construct a new Graph struct.&quot;);
       }
   }
}

</code></pre></pre>
<a class="header" href="#3-测试代码查看" id="3-测试代码查看"><h2>3. 测试代码查看</h2></a>
<pre><pre class="playpen"><code class="language-rust">
# #![allow(unused_variables)]
#fn main() {
#[macro_use]
extern crate maplit;

use graph::graph_items::edge::Edge;
use graph::graph_items::node::Node;
use graph::Graph;

#[test]
fn test_empty_graph() {
   let graph = Graph::new();

   assert!(graph.nodes.is_empty());

   assert!(graph.edges.is_empty());

   assert!(graph.attrs.is_empty());
}

#[test]
//#[ignore]
fn test_graph_with_one_node() {
   let nodes = vec![Node::new(&quot;a&quot;)];

   let graph = Graph::new().with_nodes(&amp;nodes);

   assert!(graph.edges.is_empty());

   assert!(graph.attrs.is_empty());

   assert_eq!(graph.nodes, vec![Node::new(&quot;a&quot;)]);
}

#[test]
//#[ignore]
fn test_graph_with_one_node_with_keywords() {
   let nodes = vec![Node::new(&quot;a&quot;).with_attrs(&amp;[(&quot;color&quot;, &quot;green&quot;)])];

   let graph = Graph::new().with_nodes(&amp;nodes);

   assert!(graph.edges.is_empty());

   assert!(graph.attrs.is_empty());

   assert_eq!(
       graph.nodes,
       vec![Node::new(&quot;a&quot;).with_attrs(&amp;[(&quot;color&quot;, &quot;green&quot;)])]
   );
}

#[test]
//#[ignore]
fn test_graph_with_one_edge() {
   let edges = vec![Edge::new(&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;)];

   let graph = Graph::new().with_edges(&amp;edges);

   assert!(graph.nodes.is_empty());

   assert!(graph.attrs.is_empty());

   assert_eq!(graph.edges, vec![Edge::new(&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;)]);
}

#[test]
//#[ignore]
fn test_graph_with_one_attribute() {
   let graph = Graph::new().with_attrs(&amp;[(&quot;foo&quot;, &quot;1&quot;)]);

   let expected_attrs = hashmap!{
       &quot;foo&quot;.to_string() =&gt; &quot;1&quot;.to_string(),
   };

   assert!(graph.nodes.is_empty());

   assert!(graph.edges.is_empty());

   assert_eq!(graph.attrs, expected_attrs);
}

#[test]
//#[ignore]
fn test_graph_with_attributes() {
   let nodes = vec![
       Node::new(&quot;a&quot;).with_attrs(&amp;[(&quot;color&quot;, &quot;green&quot;)]),
       Node::new(&quot;c&quot;),
       Node::new(&quot;b&quot;).with_attrs(&amp;[(&quot;label&quot;, &quot;Beta!&quot;)]),
   ];

   let edges = vec![
       Edge::new(&quot;b&quot;, &quot;c&quot;),
       Edge::new(&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;).with_attrs(&amp;[(&quot;color&quot;, &quot;blue&quot;)]),
   ];

   let attrs = vec![(&quot;foo&quot;, &quot;1&quot;), (&quot;title&quot;, &quot;Testing Attrs&quot;), (&quot;bar&quot;, &quot;true&quot;)];

   let expected_attrs = hashmap! {
       &quot;foo&quot;.to_string() =&gt; &quot;1&quot;.to_string(),
       &quot;title&quot;.to_string() =&gt; &quot;Testing Attrs&quot;.to_string(),
       &quot;bar&quot;.to_string() =&gt; &quot;true&quot;.to_string(),
   };

   let graph = Graph::new()
       .with_nodes(&amp;nodes)
       .with_edges(&amp;edges)
       .with_attrs(&amp;attrs);

   assert_eq!(
       graph.nodes,
       vec![
           Node::new(&quot;a&quot;).with_attrs(&amp;[(&quot;color&quot;, &quot;green&quot;)]),
           Node::new(&quot;c&quot;),
           Node::new(&quot;b&quot;).with_attrs(&amp;[(&quot;label&quot;, &quot;Beta!&quot;)]),
       ]
   );

   assert_eq!(
       graph.edges,
       vec![
           Edge::new(&quot;b&quot;, &quot;c&quot;),
           Edge::new(&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;).with_attrs(&amp;[(&quot;color&quot;, &quot;blue&quot;)]),
       ]
   );

   assert_eq!(graph.attrs, expected_attrs);
}

#[test]
//#[ignore]
fn test_graph_stores_attributes() {
   let attributes = [(&quot;foo&quot;, &quot;bar&quot;), (&quot;bat&quot;, &quot;baz&quot;), (&quot;bim&quot;, &quot;bef&quot;)];
   let graph = Graph::new().with_nodes(
       &amp;['a', 'b', 'c']
           .iter()
           .enumerate()
           .map(|(i, n)| Node::new(&amp;n.to_string()).with_attrs(&amp;attributes[i..i + 1]))
           .collect::&lt;Vec&lt;_&gt;&gt;(),
   );

   assert_eq!(
       graph
           .get_node(&quot;c&quot;)
           .expect(&quot;node must be stored&quot;)
           .get_attr(&quot;bim&quot;),
       Some(&quot;bef&quot;)
   );
}

#}</code></pre></pre>
<a class="header" href="#4-答案" id="4-答案"><h2>4. 答案</h2></a>
<p><details></p>
<pre><pre class="playpen"><code class="language-rust">
# #![allow(unused_variables)]
#fn main() {
pub mod graph {
   use std::collections::HashMap;

   use self::graph_items::edge::Edge;
   use self::graph_items::node::Node;

   pub struct Graph {
       pub nodes: Vec&lt;Node&gt;,
       pub edges: Vec&lt;Edge&gt;,
       pub attrs: HashMap&lt;String, String&gt;,
   }

   impl Graph {
       pub fn new() -&gt; Self {
           Graph {
               nodes: vec![],
               edges: vec![],
               attrs: HashMap::new(),
           }
       }

       pub fn with_nodes(mut self, nodes: &amp;[Node]) -&gt; Self {
           self.nodes = nodes.clone().to_vec();

           self
       }

       pub fn with_edges(mut self, edges: &amp;[Edge]) -&gt; Self {
           self.edges = edges.clone().to_vec();

           self
       }

       pub fn with_attrs(mut self, attrs: &amp;[(&amp;'static str, &amp;'static str)]) -&gt; Self {
           attrs.iter().for_each(|&amp;(name, value)| {
               self.attrs.insert(name.to_string(), value.to_string());
           });

           self
       }

       pub fn get_node(&amp;self, name: &amp;str) -&gt; Option&lt;&amp;Node&gt; {
           self.nodes.iter().filter(|n| n.name == name).nth(0)
       }
   }

   pub mod graph_items {
       pub mod edge {
           use std::collections::HashMap;

           #[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Debug)]
           pub struct Edge {
               src: String,
               dst: String,
               attrs: HashMap&lt;String, String&gt;,
           }

           impl Edge {
               pub fn new(src: &amp;str, dst: &amp;str) -&gt; Self {
                   Edge {
                       src: src.to_string(),
                       dst: dst.to_string(),
                       attrs: HashMap::new(),
                   }
               }

               pub fn with_attrs(mut self, attrs: &amp;[(&amp;'static str, &amp;'static str)]) -&gt; Self {
                   attrs.iter().for_each(|&amp;(name, value)| {
                       self.attrs.insert(name.to_string(), value.to_string());
                   });

                   self
               }
           }
       }

       pub mod node {
           use std::collections::HashMap;

           #[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Debug)]
           pub struct Node {
               pub name: String,

               attrs: HashMap&lt;String, String&gt;,
           }

           impl Node {
               pub fn new(name: &amp;str) -&gt; Self {
                   Node {
                       name: name.to_string(),
                       attrs: HashMap::new(),
                   }
               }

               pub fn with_attrs(mut self, attrs: &amp;[(&amp;'static str, &amp;'static str)]) -&gt; Self {
                   attrs.iter().for_each(|&amp;(name, value)| {
                       self.attrs.insert(name.to_string(), value.to_string());
                   });

                   self
               }

               pub fn get_attr(&amp;self, name: &amp;str) -&gt; Option&lt;&amp;str&gt; {
                   self.attrs.get(name).map(|v| v.as_ref())
               }
           }

       }
   }
}

#}</code></pre></pre>
<p></details></p>
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